Numerous algorithms have been proposed to infer the underlying structure of the social networks via observed information propagation. The previously proposed algorithms concentrate on inferring ...

The dynamics of ecological systems are influenced by the outcomes of biotic interactions, which usually fall within antagonistic–mutualistic continuums 1,2,3,4. The ultimate outcome of a biotic ...

Network structure as a research area investigates the organization, topology, and functional implications of relations among entities represented as graphs or networks, encompassing nodes (vertices) ...