Botswana faces mounting macroeconomic risks from intensifying climate trends and fiscal strain from electricity subsidies.

Botswana faces growing fiscal challenges driven by declining diamond revenues, rigid expenditure, and weakened fiscal ...

Sea-level rise presents long-term risks in Aruba that can lead to sizable permanent costs with potentially large ...

The Republic of Marshall Islands (RMI) faces severe challenges due to its vulnerability to climate change and natural ...

This paper evaluates Armenia’s fiscal framework, focusing on fiscal rule design and implementation. Despite the 2018 reforms ...

Croatia’s public spending efficiency in education and healthcare can be increased. Increased efficiency would free fiscal ...

Historically, Aruba benefited from population growth that expanded the labor force, thereby boosting productivity and ...

A mission was undertaken in Beirut, Lebanon, from September 2 to 4, 2025, by the IMF Middle East Regional Technical Assistance Center (METAC) with the objective of enhancing Syria’s national accounts.

After a period of sharp deceleration, inflation in Croatia has inched up since late 2024 to about 4–4½ percent year-on-year ...

While Botswana achieved strong post-independence growth supported by prudent macroeconomic management and diamond revenues, economic performance has weakened over the past two decades, with slower ...

The profound shifts in the global economic landscape have been captured in the most-read blogs of 2025. This coverage has ...

This summary provides an overview of guidance provided to Lebanon’s Ministry of Finance regarding the digital transformation ...